NYS Regents

Earth and Space Sciences

A free, complete web textbook with interactive tools, live data, and Regents-style practice.

Unit 1

Introduction and measurement

1.1 Observations and MeasurementObservations, density, percent deviation, and graphs

Unit 2

Mapping Earth

Unit 3

Earth's interior and plate tectonics

Unit 4

Rocks and minerals

4.1 MineralsWhat counts as a mineral, the tests, and the mineral ID lab
4.2 The Three Rock FamiliesIgneous, sedimentary, metamorphic, and the rock family sorter
4.3 The Rock CycleOne system, the processes that drive it, and an interactive rock journey

Unit 5

Weathering, erosion, and deposition

Unit 6

Landscapes and New York geology

6.1 LandscapesRegion types, climate, drainage, and New York's regions

Unit 7

Geologic history

7.1 Geologic HistoryRelative dating, fossils, deep time, and half-lives

Unit 8

Meteorology

Unit 9

Climate

9.1 ClimateThe five factors that set any climate

Unit 10

Astronomy

Unit 11

Human impact and sustainability

11.1 Human Impact and SustainabilityGreenhouse effect, evidence, and sustainability